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Rules of Chess: Check, Mate, and Stalemate. Answers to frequently asked questions.[All Comments] [Add Comment or Rating]
Tom Shelton, Sr. wrote on Fri, Jun 27, 2003 09:34 PM UTC:Excellent ★★★★★
We had a problem with 'Stalemate' or 'Check' ... your first diagram in
a user friendly example asnwered the question.  If a 'piece' is guarding
its King from being 'in check', then that piece is 'anchored', i.e.,
cannot leave its post (not until his King has relocated?).  So we had a
'Check' thanks to your demo.

Respectfully,

Tom

Anonymous wrote on Fri, Aug 1, 2003 06:16 PM UTC:
about stalemate. a player moves three consecutive times to the same square. Chechmate?

Mystic_Chessmen wrote on Wed, Oct 1, 2003 04:05 PM UTC:Excellent ★★★★★
Great page. You explained things quite clearly. But I think it needs more advanced stuff, like the rules on when you can declare a draw, what combinations of material could be considered insufficient mating material, and other things which are unclear to most intermediate chess players. Could you post these things?

Jagger111 wrote on Fri, Dec 12, 2003 03:06 AM UTC:Good ★★★★
If after a player is put in a position where only the king can move, after 15 moves without being placed in checkmate, is it an automatic stalemate?

Anonymous wrote on Mon, Feb 16, 2004 08:38 PM UTC:
Stalemate is not the only way a draw can be achieved in the game. The
triple repetition rule ends the game in a draw (1/2 - 1/2), but not a
stalemate. In other words, stalemate is only one type of draw possible.

The triple repetition is not achieved when one player moves a piece in the
same square three times, for then a losing player could force the game
into a draw rather easily. Triple repetition is achieved when the same
board position (meaning all of the same piece types of the same color are
on the same squares) is reached for the third time in a single game.
---
To checkmate, a player must have one or more of the following:

1) K & Q,
2) K & R,
3) K & B & B,
4) K & B & N,
5) K & P.

K & N & N can not force a mate. Also if in K & P vs. K, if the pawn is on
either of the rook files (a- or h- files) and the side with just the king
is able get the king on that file (in front of the pawn, impeding the
advance of the pawn), the game is drawn, by definition, as if continued,
the only possible outcome is stalemate.

There are also a few situations, in tournament play, when a draw can be
claimed by a player to a neutral arbitrator (i.e.: tournament steward),
when a player has 'insufficient losing chances'. Examples of such are,
but not limited to:

1) K & R vs. K & R,
2) K & Q vs. K & R,
3) K & B & B vs. K & B,

provided that a piece can not be immediately captured to set up one of the
five situations above.
---
If a player is put in a position where only the king can move, it is a
draw after 50 moves (50 for white and 50 for black, totalling 100) without
it being placed in checkmate. However, when counting the 50 moves, the
count must restart when a pawn is moved or a piece or pawn is captured.
So, if a player is unable to mate the king after 49 moves, the player may
choose to simply push a pawn, to get another 50 tries. See 'The 50 moves
rule' for more on this.

Ivan DEMAN wrote on Tue, May 11, 2004 10:03 AM UTC:
Simply remark that
K & Q vs. K & R is winning for the Queen (except if K&R have perpetual
check, or can capture the queen in the very first move)

NONE wrote on Thu, Jul 22, 2004 10:18 PM UTC:Excellent ★★★★★
ANSWERS PLENTY OF BEGINNER CHESS QUESTIONS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Anonymous wrote on Wed, Aug 18, 2004 11:55 PM UTC:
In response to the comment on 2004-02-16, those five material combinations are not the only ways to get checkmate, if the opponent has pieces in addition to his/her king. For example, if White has a king on a1 and a rook on b1, and Black has a king on a3 and a knight on b4, Black can checkmate with ...Nc2#. For K+N+N vs. K, it is possible (albeit unlikely) that the stronger side can checkmate, if the lone king has backed up into the corner, so such a postion is not an automatic draw. However, it is likely that the 50-move rule will be invoked before checkmate. If a rook's pawn is impeded by a lone enemy king, the game is not neccesarily drawn. For example, White has a king on a1 and a pawn on a2, and Black has a king on a3. It is White's turn. Black has just managed to get in front of the pawn with ...Ka3. The game can continue 1. Kb1 Kb4 2. Kb2 Kc4 3. a4 Kd5 4. a5 Kd6 5. a6 Kd7 6. a7 Kd8 7. Kc3 Dd7 8. Kd4 Kd8 9. Kd5 Ke7 10. Kc6 Kd8 11. Kd6 Ke8 12. Ke6 Ke8 13. Kf6 Kg8 14. Kg6 Kh8 15 a8R#. This of course does not assume best play for both sides. If draws were declared based on that, a game would be a draw from starting position!

boolean wrote on Wed, Feb 23, 2005 07:34 AM UTC:
How is it that a pawn promoted to rook can be won, but in the same position, if said pawn was promoted queen, it can be a draw? Can the same moves not be made to achieve mate?

Doug Chatham wrote on Wed, Feb 23, 2005 02:33 PM UTC:
An example of a situation where promoting to queen gives a stalemate while promoting to rook wins can be found at <a href='http://www.chessvariants.org/d.chess/pawnfaq.html'>http://www.chessvariants.org/d.chess/pawnfaq.html</a>, near the end of the answer to the question 'To what pieces can a pawn promote?'

Anonymous wrote on Sat, Jun 18, 2005 11:12 AM UTC:Poor ★
You say this site is fabulous for beginers.If you ask me there should be tips on how to defend also

Cho chang wrote on Sat, Jun 18, 2005 11:15 AM UTC:Excellent ★★★★★
Dear writer,
This site is fabulous. It anwsers our questions in detail. In total I
will
say this site is wonderfulll!!!!!

Subxero wrote on Fri, Jun 24, 2005 03:18 AM UTC:Excellent ★★★★★
what would this be? stalemate or legal?

Pawn White: A1
Pawn Black: A2 & B4
King White: G2
King Black: F7
Rook Black: H6
Bishop Black: H4 & F5

White's turn

I think that it is still a legal game because the king has 5 legal moves
and a stalemate requires no legal moves. I would just like to make sure
with a second opinion.

Michael Nelson wrote on Fri, Jun 24, 2005 01:14 PM UTC:
The position is illegal--there can never be a Pawn on A1.

Anonymous wrote on Sat, Nov 5, 2005 12:04 AM UTC:
can a queen jump over another peice to kill a another piece to protect the
king

Jared McComb wrote on Sat, Nov 5, 2005 02:35 PM UTC:
No, Queens can never jump.

Joe Humphries wrote on Sat, Dec 31, 2005 06:47 PM UTC:Excellent ★★★★★
This site answers just about any tough question involing check, mate, and stalemate. Thank you so much.

Erin wrote on Fri, Aug 18, 2006 05:12 AM UTC:
This site Rocks!!!!!!1

Anonymous wrote on Mon, Sep 4, 2006 11:57 AM UTC:Good ★★★★
if u only have a king and he is not in check but wherever u move u will be in check is that a checkmate

barfhead wrote on Wed, Sep 13, 2006 07:11 PM UTC:Good ★★★★
if u only have a king and he is not in check but wherever u move u will be in check is that a checkmate

if it is your turn and your king cannot move without putting himself in check (no legal moves,) but is not currently in check, then that is not a checkmate. it is a stalemate. (in my book a stalemate is a win when you're down) :)

Fahim Hoq wrote on Sat, Apr 12, 2008 05:59 PM UTC:Excellent ★★★★★
Today, I have learned a lot about chess by reading this page.Thank you.

Justin wrote on Wed, Apr 30, 2008 08:43 PM UTC:Excellent ★★★★★

Anonymous wrote on Sun, Feb 1, 2009 12:41 AM UTC:Average ★★★
If someone has three queens and you only have a king. And if you are not in check but you can't move. Is it stalemate?

🕸📝Fergus Duniho wrote on Sun, Feb 1, 2009 01:46 AM UTC:
Yes, if are down to just a King, your King is not in check, and it has no legal moves, it is stalemate. As long as these conditions pertain, the number of Queens your opponent has doesn't change this.

Anonymous wrote on Wed, Jun 10, 2009 07:23 PM UTC:Excellent ★★★★★

Anonymous wrote on Tue, Jan 18, 2011 03:46 AM UTC:Excellent ★★★★★
Thanks for explaining this. I am new to chess and didn't really understand the difference between stalemate and checkmate. Still seems to be unfair to get someone to the point of stalemate and call the game a draw but at least I understand the rules now --

Anonymous wrote on Wed, Nov 23, 2011 01:43 PM UTC:
I'm playing my electronic chess game at the highest level and it has put
me in 'check',then I move out of 'check', then it puts me back in
'check'. And we are going back and forth, in'check and out of 'check'
and I'm moving my king in the same two squares. 
Is this considered a 'stalemate'? because I think my electronic chess
game wants me to move in a certain square so it can get me in
'checkmate', and I see what its trying to do.
Whats the ruling on this?

Jeremy Lennert wrote on Wed, Nov 23, 2011 06:30 PM UTC:
The sort of situation you describe generally results in a draw by one of two rules:

The first is the threefold repetition rule, which applies when the exact same game position is repeated three times.  For example, if you and your opponent are each moving back and forth between the same two spaces, once you have come back to your starting position after two full loops, the game can be declared a draw.

The second is the 50-move rule, which applies when there have been no captures or pawn advances (irreversible moves) for at least 50 consecutive moves of white and black.  This is invoked mostly in endgames where the board is very open and so it can take a very long time for (and be difficult to notice when) an exact position is repeated three times.

Of course, the game can end in a draw immediately if both players agree, which may cut these conditions short if it is obvious (for example) that the game is going to end in a perpetual check.

Jeff wrote on Sat, Jan 7, 2012 10:32 PM UTC:
An opponent calling Checkmate without the game ending results in forfeiture by the player calling the checkmate. You answered the question that if called accidentally the game would just continue. This is not correct. You can respond to [email protected].

hcl4 wrote on Wed, Oct 22, 2014 09:06 PM UTC:
What if the kings are the only pieces on the board

Ben Reiniger wrote on Wed, Oct 22, 2014 09:14 PM UTC:

@hcl4: Then it is a draw. The technical answer is from a related page, the 50 move rule: neither player can do much of anything and so 50 moves will pass without a capture or pawn move, and that rule will kick in to say the game is a draw. Of course, since this is bound to happen, both players should just agree now that the game is a draw.

Edit: Actually, looking around a bit more, it appears that (perhaps because of time controlled games) my technical explanation was incorrect. It is a draw because checkmate cannot possibly happen.


Liviu Chircu wrote on Sun, Dec 21, 2014 01:55 PM UTC:
Thanks for the FAQ! I was curious about the consequences of accidentally "moving into check"! Nicely explained.

Bill Nye wrote on Wed, Feb 1, 2017 10:12 PM UTC:Excellent ★★★★★
So me and my friend were playing Chess , obviously , but when I got him in check we didn't notice , I realized that when it became my turn next I said check mate and took him out but he made out a rule saying: You have to say check so I can take back my move and move my king . And he has done this several times I finally  beat him and he said this , and I did it again and said what he told me to BULL CRAP so can someone explain it to me? Please

Joe Joyce wrote on Thu, Feb 2, 2017 01:22 AM UTC:

To Bill Nye. It is illegal to leave your king in check. When an illegal move is noticed, the rules require all subsequent moves to be retracted and re-done.


ozymandias wrote on Tue, Jan 11, 2022 01:10 PM UTC:
I believe there is a mistake in the illustration of the stalemate. The horse should be in G5, not in F6.

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