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Gary Gifford wrote on Sat, Mar 18, 2006 07:53 AM EST:
Someone had written about 'draws' in relation to Catapults of Troy.  No
name appeared in the comment column.  They wrote, in part,'Draws are not,
in themselves, a negative.  There is always the potential for such to be
judged according to material or position. So a player might obtain a draw,
but might lose according to their material or position.'

My response: I suppose this is like the stalemate in Chinese Chess, but we
can't call it a draw that wins... it is a win.  Or in Shatranj, single
bare King... might look like a draw, but it is a win for the King +
material side.  In Chess, a stalemate is a draw, and bare King can end up
being a draw.  But is anything wrong with that?

The commentor continued, 'The draw question should be whether a player
might through a set of specific moves force a draw from the start of a
game, not whether any potential draw is possible.  In other words, by
achieving a particular position on the field the player is able to prevent
the opponent from ever achieving the stated capture goal of the game.'

My response:  In many good games a draw can be forced, if this is not the
case, then it means one side will always win (with best moves).  However,
it is very important to note that this forced draw assumes the absolute
best moves be made.  Thus, in a 'perfect game' of chess a draw is
forced.  But, the human mind is not capable of handling the solution.  The
solution is mind boggling.  But the computer Hydra seems to have it (or be
close).  It has never lost a game (from either side).  It has had draws.

The writer continued. 'And as stated, a draw-ish game is not, by its
nature, 'broken', it can still be evaluated by material or position if
the players desire.'

My response: Why?  What is wrong with 2 players getting a draw?  I played
in the World Open in 1980 and in the New York Open back in 1983... I had
some very hard fought draws.  I see nothing wrong with that.  To win, I
need to play better than my opponent.  I need to avoid errors... hope that
my opponent makes the last blunder.

The commentor went on to say, 'Though if it is possible to force a draw
each and every game, the stated capture goal might be considered
inconsequential or at the least merely an influence during the game.'

My response: At present, I don't understand this comment.  But as I
started out saying, A perfectly played game of Chess should result in a
draw.  If this is not true, it means one side can always win in a
perfectly played game.  In either case, most humans (even World Champions)
don't play perfect games.  All in all, closely rated players are more
likely to draw than those with big rating differences.  To avoid draws,
play better, don't re-design a time-honored game.

The person concluded, 'I apologize to Gary for my rant.'
My response: Apology accepted, but not at all necessary.

In conclusion, There was once a man who outplayed his opponent in chess. 
He promoted a pawn to Queen and said, 'I win, you cannot move.'  The
other said, 'This is a stalemate. It is a draw.'  This was confirmed and
the first man yelled, 'What a stupid rule!  I should win!  Look at this! 
I'll never play this stupid game again!'  True story.  But what is its
point?  Quite simple, 'Know the rules of the game you are playing.  And
be careful, there just might happen to be a thing called a draw.'

Anonymous wrote on Sun, Mar 19, 2006 08:49 AM EST:
Then you agree that draws are not necessarily a negative.


As to the statement:

'Though if it is possible to force a draw each and every game, the
stated
capture goal might be considered inconsequential or at the least merely
an
influence during the game.'

If a game had the goal as the capture of a specific piece(like the King
in
Chess) and the player by either position or material was able to prevent
this from occuring, the capture goal would still have an effect during
the
play of the game.  Then if these subsequent draws were then evaluated by
either material or position(creating a new win conditon), this capture
goal may be inconsequential(un-attainable) or merely an influence(forcing
the players toward the new win condition) during the game.

Derek Nalls wrote on Mon, Mar 20, 2006 04:39 PM EST:
various remarks concerning draws

description-  Symmetrical Chess Collection
http://www.symmetryperfect.com/shots/descript.pdf

relevant excerpts
p. 26-28 (first paragraph)
___________________________________________________

Note-  Some remarks are admixed in context with the
description of a game (Hex Chess SS) while other
remarks are directed in a purely general manner.

Charles Daniel wrote on Mon, Apr 14, 2008 07:29 PM EDT:
Hi Rich, 

While I agree with some of what you say, I dont think chess has a draw
issue at all. I took a quick look at all the chess games I played when I
was active  - very few draws. This seems to happen more in the GM level -
the grandmaster draw (less than 20 moves) could easily be banned.  

And many well contested games that end in draws at proper completeion are
actually quite interesting - I say just get rid of the draw offer for
major  tournaments/matches. 
Getting rid of Stalemate, 3 move repetition seems like a major step
backwards so I would nt call them patches - more like deleting essential
components. 

I am probably in the minority here defending orthodox chess but its
probably because I am more interested in chess-like variants than most,
and I was not too long ago a chess  enthusiast.

Rich Hutnik wrote on Mon, Apr 14, 2008 08:24 PM EDT:
Over 60% of chess tournaments are ending in draws on the highest level. 
That looks like a problem to me.

David Paulowich wrote on Mon, Apr 14, 2008 09:30 PM EDT:
The 'Grandmaster Draw' is, by definition, a problem for grandmasters.
I am not a grandmaster and most of my games are decisive.
Therefore I do not have a problem.

Charles Daniel wrote on Mon, Apr 14, 2008 09:45 PM EDT:
I understand that it does - but are you a regular chess player? 

An insignificant amount of chessplayers: extremely talented, and very
closely    bunched in skill level,  and with a lot of time to research /
memorize a large amount of opening theory, play each other under the
auspices of an at least somewhat corrupt organization - 60% end in draws .
So what? 
ban the draw offer and motivate them to play fighting chess - that
percentage will reduce to at least 45-50%. 
With that skill level, expertise and knowledge - no serious chess player
will have a problem with this result. 

It would be nice if there was many chess variants close enough to chess
that they were accepted by most  chess players - then everyone would be
playing in a chess variant tournament.  

I believe if chess is moved to  a larger board, it would be difficult for
HUMANs to attain the amount of chess theory of the 8x8 game.  

Chess is 'played out' not because it is flawed but because it became too
successful.

Rich Hutnik wrote on Tue, Apr 15, 2008 12:40 AM EDT:
Sofia rule, which you wrote of, apparently reduced the number of draws by
less than 5%:
http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=4553

My question is, even if the number of draws ends up being 45-50% why is
this still acceptable?

Gary Gifford wrote on Tue, Apr 15, 2008 12:24 PM EDT:
I have been playing chess since I was 5 years old and personally never found the draw aspect to be an issue. I suppose at the GM level it might be, but where I'm at, and the tournament players and club players I've seen there are relatively few draws. The higher rated players typically beat the lower rated players.

One can avoid draws in chess by playing against much stronger players. And if you do play a much stronger player and get a draw, chances are that you will be happy to have gotten it.

On a related note, I took another look at Navia Dratp recently. With its unbalance armies, and three ways to win it seems that draws are unlikely in that game. Even at the bare king level (Navias only) the two pieces would race towards the opposition's first rank and the one who won the race would win.

I think Chess is fine as is. If someone is disatisfied with it then there are certainly plenty of other variants to play. I still hope Navia Dratp will catch on someday. I think it is a fantastic variant and it should satisy the draw haters.


Rich Hutnik wrote on Tue, Apr 15, 2008 02:16 PM EDT:
I am curious here regarding draws.  Should we be viewing the solution to
draws to be merely another specific game?  Or, can we do something with
how game conditions are scored over variants in general (start with a
baseline) that would end up address possible draw issues with all them. 
You can have a default starting place, and variants are free to do this. 
Perhaps we could end up using a different default position than FIDE
chess.  How about we look to Shatranj for example, and what it had, and
use that as the starting point?  Maybe extend it some to account for more
modern play.

Just an idea here.

Charles Daniel wrote on Tue, Apr 15, 2008 10:32 PM EDT:
Another specific game.
As a variant inventor, I try to come up with a game that plays as well as chess. Even though I have tried different avenues, my ultimate goal is to come up with a game that plays almost like chess but on a bigger board with a few new pieces. Obviously since its new, opening theory will be a complete restart and it will take a very long time before this game ever gets 'stale'.

With Titan Chess , I added many new pieces but I am very happy with the gameplay though I have to say it is a bit different from orthodox chess! I have tested this game thoroughly, and draws are much less likely in Titan Chess even though you can draw as in std chess.

However, I see no flaws in the original game (orthodox chess) and certainly have no problem with draws.

Perhaps, your see draws in chess as a problem, among other things because you like games with razor's edge win/loss conditions and changing parameters (like Fischer Random but more extreme with random pieces ).

So yes, chess cannot be changed - the game has already been made and too much people care about it. But if another very similar game catches on .. that is another story.
I can guarantee you that draws are not a problem for chess, And neither are computers - (George! )


Rich Hutnik wrote on Tue, Apr 15, 2008 10:49 PM EDT:
The original chess is Shatranj, and it had multiple victory conditions,
including barring the king and stalemate as a win, provided only one side
had their king barred.  These rules were taken out when people thought the
changes made to what we have with regular chess, would mean you would
almost never draw.

You also didn't have castling, which left the king in the middle of the
board, vulnerable to being checkmated.  I can also, through my playing
with Near Chess, see that when you do what you do with the pawns by giving
them extra mobility (2 spaces to start instead of one), it results in pawn
structures that remain solid all the way through, which reduces the
chances of creating uneven pawn structures that help to cause the endgame
generating more pawn promotions.  Also this, in addition giving the other
pieces more mobility means that you have the firepower pieces getting out
in front of the pawns, burning off faster, with less firepower left in the
end game to bust up pawn structures more.  All this leads to more draws.

The end result was it was far less likely to have the draw conditions we
have today, which are pushing around 60% on the highest levels of play.  I
would like to hear someone explain why draw rate of 60% or higher is a good
thing, particularly people who are into variants and are willing to adopt
whatever rules are needed to make an enjoyable game.

I will suggest anyone here to download Near Chess and have the Zillions AI
try it and see what happens when you move chess back closer to Shatranj
than regular chess.  I believe you get a lot less draws.

Gary Gifford wrote on Tue, Apr 15, 2008 10:55 PM EDT:
Several of us at CV, myself included, came to believe that it was harder to
avoid a draw in Shatranj than it was to avoid a draw in chess due to that
lack of fire power.  I believe that was one of the reasons Joe Joyce
created Modern Shatranj with more fire power than the original, that is, so it would be less drawish.

Graeme Neatham wrote on Tue, Apr 15, 2008 11:31 PM EDT:

'... I would like to hear someone explain why draw rate of 60% or higher is a good thing ...'

I don't believe anyone has claimed it to be a good thing.

What I do not comprehend is why some think it to be a bad thing.

Between equally proficient opponents I would expect a high percentage of draws.


David Paulowich wrote on Thu, Apr 17, 2008 02:18 PM EDT:
THREE DIFFERENT 'STALEMATE/BARE KING' SETS OF RULES!
THREE DIFFERENT 'STALEMATE/BARE KING' SETS OF RULES!!
THREE DIFFERENT 'STALEMATE/BARE KING' SETS OF RULES!!!

ENDGAME POSITION  White: King c1, Knight e1 and Black: King a1, Pawn a2, Rook e2.

   +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
 4 |   |///|   |///|   |///|   |///|
   +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
 3 |///|   |///|   |///|   |///|   |
   +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
 2 | p |///|   |///| r |///|   |///|
   +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
 1 |/k/|   |/K/|   |/N/|   |///|   |
   +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
 
     a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h

After 1.Nc2 check Rxc2 check, Black has won in Shatranj by the Bare King rule, which has only one stated exception. The Zillions Rule File for Shatranj (correctly) scores this game as a win for Black. Yesterday I posted this example on the Shatranj page, pointing out that 2.Kxc2 stalemate is a draw in two of my chess variants and a White victory in Wildebeest Chess.

Richard, when are you going to grasp the fact that there are no FIDE-approved rules for Shatranj? Our knowledge of Shatranj is based on a few written sources, representing a selection from possibly hundreds of regional variants. Chaturanga was dropped from the list of Recognized Variants here in 2005, because our collective knowledge of the game consisted of: 'We guess it had the same rules as Shatranj, more or less'. We were unable to 'Please comment here' after your [2008-04-14] post, because you apparently used a forbidden symbol in your thread title. We cannot properly evaluate your proposal until you write down your own complete set of rules. Also a few examples would be helpful.

Also you could clearly state where and why you disagree with: David Paulowich, R. Wayne Schmittberg, and Colin Adams, who wrote in 1999: 'If one player is reduced to a bare King (no other pieces), then he loses the game, unless he can immediately reduce his opponent to a bare King also (I would suggest that demonstrating that he can reduce his opponent to a bare King by a forced series of moves should also be allowed ...'


Charles Daniel wrote on Thu, Apr 17, 2008 06:35 PM EDT:
Rich Hutnik  Posted:
----------------------------------
Well, the highest level of chess
represents chess played at an optimal level, right? If it is drawing at
that level,
what impact does it have on the game? 

----------------------------------
Drawing at that level simply demonstrates that both opponents are almost
equally skilled.  
If a win is desired then  it is the scoring that needs to be changed (even
though I disagree on that too) . For example consider giving a draw less
than 1/2 point . or scoring for the different types of draws. 

However, stalemate is one of the greatest 'features' in chess. Feature
well utilized:  even recently in a game between two GMs one player on his
way to a loss played a tricky move which if not replied correctly would
have led to stalemate. 
I like to give the boxing analogy of a knockout to checkmate. Most boxing
matches between equally skilled opponents are actually draws - the scoring
is so subjective you might as well call it that .  Now if you want a
decisive result between two players. How about this: in the event of a
draw - the time control is changed to say something like 5min/12second
increment  and they play until someone wins. Changes to scoring and
tournament rules can be adjusted to produce a winner in all cases  if
desired.

Have you taken a look at Modern Shatranj? I believe it has all the rules
you would like implemented. Perhaps a modified version of that game may be
a good starting point .

Rich Hutnik wrote on Thu, Apr 17, 2008 07:42 PM EDT:
If you want to liken Chess to Boxing, then if boxing were like chess, if
there wasn't a knockout, the boxing match would end in a draw.  Do you
think this would be good for boxing?  Can you name any other sport where
this is so and why it is good for tournament play?

Please present the case that have 60%+ of all chess matches ending in
draws is good for chess as a sport.  I would like to see the argument how
it fosters growth.  I would like to see the appeal to soccer and hockey
having draws in them be shown how the Stanley Cup and the World Cup end in
draws.  Are there ANY other sports which end in draws?  How about ones
where if the entire thing ends in a draw, the defending champion retains
their title.  Does ANYTHING else besides Chess have this?

Anyhow, if you want to declare a draw as a 'non-checkmate' ending to a
chess match, then fine.  But explain how having it end in 1/2-1/2 for both
players resulting in the chess match not reaching a conclusion (except for
the defending champ) actually helps chess grow as a game.  I am interested
hearing the argument how this actually fosters growth of chess.  Not that
it is 'well, we have bad leadership in the chess world, which is why it
isn't growing'.  I am asking if it helps chess grow in any way having
the 19th century 1/2 to 1/2 for a draw for both sides.

Gary Gifford wrote on Thu, Apr 17, 2008 07:59 PM EDT:
I believe chess would be no more popular if there were no such thing as draws. Of course, I have no way to prove that. I have seen chess clubs die out in this area; and at the club levels draws seem rare. I believe chess is not popular because intellectual games are not popular (at least in Western civilization). Monopoly and Hungry-Hungry Hippos are more popular.

I believe we can change the rules and come up with a truly fantastic variant (like Navia Dratp)... and yet still, it won't be popular (relatively) because it is 'intellectual' in spirit. That is why the late Donald Benge, creater of Conquest, advized me to never try to market a chess variant.


Charles Daniel wrote on Thu, Apr 17, 2008 08:13 PM EDT:
To further the analogy - 
Each round in boxing is like 1 game of chess.  

I had no idea that 60% of all chess MATCHES end in draws. How much games
are played in each match? 


The solution to making chess have appeal like other sports has nothing to
do with rules for draws  .  

All you have to do is to come up with a match/tournament system that
ALWAYS provides a winner. E.g. if a 6 game match is drawn then more games
with reduced time controls. Kind of like the extra long tennis matches on
tv. 
Soccer games that end in draws go to overtime. Chess matches/tournaments
cant do that? 


I think you have to explain how two equally skilled players ending a game
in a draw is bad for chess in general. At worst, it has no effect.  

If it is a decisive game you want - then let each 'game' in a tournament
be a series of games with differing time controls until  a winner is
produced. 
 
btw - boxing organizations are notoriously corrupt too but it does not
mean  the rules of boxing needs to be changed just the organization needs
to be. 

Perhaps, chess is not being marketed  properly but this does not mean the
rules have to be changed. 
Also by definition if you change the rules you are creating your own game
so why not just call it another game and stick with that?

Jianying Ji wrote on Thu, Apr 17, 2008 08:58 PM EDT:
Intellectual games does better in Germany, the low countries, and Asian
countries such as Korea, Japan, China. They do terrible in the US. The
only new abstract game to make headway here is Blockus. Look at the uptake
of GIPF games and the Korean game 'cafes'. Some German bars are stocked
with various abstract games. 

The key seems to be whether a game become a social past time. If games has
this social aspect then they will be played much more widely. Go and
Xiangqi in china was like that, and still is to a degree.

Gary Gifford wrote on Thu, Apr 17, 2008 09:37 PM EDT:
Jianying Ji is correct; as is Charles Daniel. Getting back to Donald Benge, he took Conquest to Germany were it did (does) much better there than in the U.S. The German's even had Donald create a new version of his game which used Catapults and Siege Engines.

In regard to the 'intellectual games' aspect, our local mall had a GameKeeper store. Fantastic! I loved it. Strategy games upon strategy games... Donald asked me to see if I could get his Conquest in there... I tried but to no avail. Why? Possibly because the manager knew what I didn't, that GameKeeper was going to be short lived. It is no longer there. The near by Build-a-Bear store continues to thrive... it appears that there is a much bigger market for stuffed animals than there is for games that stimulate our minds.

Our group of CV players is a small group. A group with keen minds. It would be nice if we were larger in number... oh, I still think draws have virtually nothing to do with the relatively low level of interest. After all, Chess was very big in Russia and neighboring countries at a time when it had very little interest over in the U.S. So I think it is a cultural thing. I think the introduction of video games, for example, has robbed us of many potential chess and CV players.


Rich Hutnik wrote on Thu, Apr 17, 2008 10:30 PM EDT:
How about having some 'mutator' scoring system or Rules that can be
applied on top of just about any group of chess variants, and if the game
hardly ever doesn't end in draws, but checkmate, then these extra
conditions don't matter.  But, if it is more prone to certain conditions,
then the scoring system can handle these rare exceptions?  It is good to
design games that are less drawish and more decisive, but if you have a
popular game that is more draw-prone, why not differentiate the quality of
the draws and account for them appropriately.  In other words, you don't
just have set over all conditions that have the same score, but you have
more granularity.  They do this now in chess anyhow, awarding 1/2 point to
each player on a draw, and 1 point for a win.  This is two scores.  Why do
multiple varieties of draws (non-checkmate ends) have to all have the same
score?

A reason why I am discussing this now is look at normal chess.  What you
see is that the multiple varieties of draws are all worth the same 1/2
point for BOTH players.  Add that to the defending champion retaining
title on a tie in score, and you are going to produce draws.

Anyhow, this also goes to the person arguing for stalemate staying in the
game.  I will say that is fine, but why should it score 1/2-1/2 for both
players (count as a draw?).  What did the player who was stalemated
exactly do?  They get a draw due to the bungling of the other player,
which does nothing to advance the ending of the results?  How about
awarding the player who stalemated their opponent 1/2 point, but their
opponent doesn't get any points?  It still hurts to mess up like that,
but still respects the stalemate as a gotcha someone can mess up on.

Rich Hutnik wrote on Fri, Apr 18, 2008 01:12 AM EDT:
In regards to draws and so on, I am proposing as a starting discussion
point the Shatranj Extended Tournament Scoring (SETS) Rules.  They are
here:
http://www.chessvariants.org/index/msdisplay.php?itemid=MSshatranjextend

Please comment regarding this.  Perhaps this, Braves and whatever else is
out there can come together to come up with an effective scoring system,
which will deal with the draw issues, and provide a better measure for how
people do in a chess tournament.

George Duke wrote on Fri, Apr 18, 2008 12:15 PM EDT:
Draws in Chess would not optimally be expected to be as infrequent as a
Deadheat in thoroughbred horse racing, occurring less than 0.5% of the
time. Neither should we require several sudden-death ''extended
times'' to get an outcome 95% the time. Infrequent Draws are to be
tolerated. The right technique, i.e. Rules-set tack-ons, to reduce Draws
to acceptable level (usually 1% to 10%) depends on the game. Draws in
Rococo might benefit from the following novelty, entailing strict 100-move limit: if no capture of Rococo King by move 100, either player may declare
''DRAW'' precisely at that milestone. It would be brand-new Draw
criterion never used before. Many CVs have not determined requisite mating material, especially those CVs never yet played, even by inventors. If no
one knows minimum mating material, that standard has to be used with
extreme caution.

Rich Hutnik wrote on Fri, Apr 18, 2008 05:30 PM EDT:
George, I think your comment here is worth discussing:
Many CVs have not determined requisite mating material,
especially those CVs never yet played, even by inventors. If no
one knows minimum mating material, that standard has to be used with
extreme caution.


I believe because a bunch of CVs wander into the unknown in regards to
what is or is not suitable mating material, I believe this is all the more
important why there should be some method in place to make sure that, in
event there is a draw, that at least be some way to insure that the end
result isn't 1/2 - 1/2 for both players, amounting to nothing.

How about, based on the SETS rules, you have it so one player either gets
the 1/2 point draw advantage or they pick what side they be?  Player can
forfeit the decision on what side to play in exchange for 1/2 point, or
pick whatever side they choose and their opponent gets the 1/2 point for
the draw.

Some people may argue, 'But but, there may be a bunch of draws in the
game, so this gives the player whomever takes the 1/2 point an unfair
advantage.'

To this, can I ask, what does this say about a game, if doing this gives a
player an unfair advantage for taking the 1/2 point? If this is the case, how about making a win worth 2 points instead?  In light of a win being worth 4 times as much as a draw, would someone still want to play for a draw?

Gary Gifford wrote on Fri, Apr 18, 2008 08:31 PM EDT:
I will continue to play by FIDE's Official Rules of Chess. As I've stated before, draws don't bother me.

For us players below GM level, chances are that many subtle errors were made throughout the game. Your opponent is not playing perfect chess, so if you want to avoid draws just play better chess.

Instead of re-inventing rules that have worked for hundreds of years, simply become stronger at the game. That is my opinion.

As a side note, in my novel, Cosmic Submarine, there is the equivalent of the Desert Pub Chess (here at CV) played. There is always a winner. Reason: When there is a draw one player must concede, or both must eat a bowl of desert sand. The one who finishes first wins the game and the loser is sent off into the desert to die. Most players will concede, rather than face the life-threatening bowl of sand. Regardless, the score is always 1-0 or 0-1.


Rich Hutnik wrote on Fri, Apr 18, 2008 10:07 PM EDT:
The 1/2 - 1/2 for a draw I believe is a mid-18th centuries addition to
chess.  Well, at least the time control is.  So, it isn't like it has
been around a lot.

Anyhow, let me give you a headline here.  Tell me if this makes chess more
or less appealing to people who would consider it:
With a Draw, Kasparov Keeps Title

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE3DD1138F934A15751C1A966958260

Why should a defending champion keep their title with a draw?  Gary,
please explain that to me.  And answer me if this is more advantageous to
getting people interested in chess.  I ask it this way, as the issues with
chess aren't simply draw.  But, probably a bunch of major and minor
things.  If it is a list of things, then why not consider ALL things that
may of had issues associated with them.

Rich Hutnik wrote on Fri, Apr 18, 2008 11:20 PM EDT:
Gary, to address what I wrote early, I found out the first time a draw was
given 1/2 point in a tournament match.  It was in 1867:

http://www.logicalchess.com/info/history/1800-1899.html
1867.09.01 1st time draws count as 1/2 point - Dundee International.

http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lab/7378/steinitz.htm
In September, 1867 Steinitz took second place in the Dundee International
in England (won by Neumann). This was the first tournament in which draws
were not replayed, but counted as a half a point.


In the past, if a game was drawn, they replayed it.  So, your comment
about, 'playing chess as it had been played for hundreds of years'
isn't exactly true for this invention, which is less than 150 years old. 
And, my take is this invention is wearing out of gas, and producing too
many draws.

In light of this, can you please defend that this is the optimal way chess
should be played, if the invention is less than 150 years old?  Can anyone
here?

Gary Gifford wrote on Sat, Apr 19, 2008 02:57 AM EDT:
Hi Rich... Thanks for the update, I stand corrected.

So now I looked at this site:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draw_(chess)

which addresses the draw issue. I don't mind #6 under the section entitled: 'Grandmaster draw problem.' Basically, it has been used for soccer (by FIFA) and is this:

'3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, and 0 points for a loss. This system discourages draws since they would only be worth 2/3 of their current value.' Unlike BAP (mentioned below) there is no color bias.

The BAP system is a bit comical to me as some players have very keen Black Defensive Systems and would rather play Black anyway. That is how I was when I went to the World Open in 1980. I had a keen French Defense and therefore loved playing from the Black side of the board. I had no losses with the French, and just 1 draw with it. In my opinion, the BAP system is biased. Also, such a system would be bad in final rounds of a tournament.

At my level of play draws have yet to be an issue, even in correspondence games where players have several days to think.

If I needed to pick a anti-draw system, FIFA's 3-1-0 seems best to me.


Antoine Fourrière wrote on Sat, Apr 19, 2008 05:38 AM EDT:
I agree that draws aren't a problem. They aren't that frequent at
subgrandmaster level and grandmasters can decide for themselves what suits
them best. But for the record, I would suggest the following solution to
this non-problem. 
In the Yugoslav Soccer Championship, draws led to overtime and penalties,
but the penalties were shot before the overtime. Hence, the players knew
whose interest it was to attack. Following that idea, how about a blitz
with inverted colors giving half a point to the winner and a third of a
point to the loser should the real game end in a draw?

Rich Hutnik wrote on Sat, Apr 19, 2008 08:18 AM EDT:
I had discussed the idea to have a blitz game as a tie-breaker with some,
and even more 'Chess purists' were against the idea.  In a tournament
for Chess960, where the current world champ took on someone else, they
used blitz as a tie-breaker.  I am in favor of that, or whatever else
would work, that would resolve the tie at the end.  I am not sure why
anyone is in favor of the current system that is less than 150 years old
personally.  It was adapted when chess had been turned into a competitive
sport in the middle of the 19th century (as documented here), and hadn't
been changed since then.  The current system that produces in the NY
Times: 'Kasparov retains title on a draw' (this was from around 1990),
one has to ask if this is a good thing or not.  

I would also go with the FIFA scoring also of 3-1-0, unless you want to
give draw advantage.  I believe the issue is from a SPORTS perspective,
not the game, even if chess is producing 60%+ draws.

By the way, how about this for a short system of running a tournament? 
Players alternate playing black and white until someone has won a game as
black and a game as white?  Perhaps set it for so many games, and use the
tiebreaker system of blitz to resolve who the winner is.  

I know there are purists who complain about blitz, but one can argue about
whether or not time control distorts chess anyhow.  In order to have chess
as a competitive sport, time control becomes needed.

So, are people here in favor of 3-1-0 for tournament scoring, and the use
of blitz as a tie breaker?  You would use a coin toss to decide which side
plays what.  I am up for this.  I am up for anything people will play that
works, which doesn't produce headlines like: 'Kasparov regains title on
a draw'.  The issue is whether or not such a headline helps or hurts the
growth of a game.  It isn't that it is the answer, or a big part of the
answer, but whether or not changing it would help more than it hurts.  If
this sounds good, maybe the CV community can start to use this for live
tournaments.

Jianying Ji wrote on Sat, Apr 19, 2008 08:24 AM EDT:
To avoid rehashing stuff, read following, especially the article list at
the end.

http://chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=4553

The question is how to incentive players to play for win in all
circumstances? After all, a draw in pursuit of a win is no shame, but to
not try at all is a letdown for all.

For variant creators the question is what kind of rules encourages players
to play for win?

Gary Gifford wrote on Sat, Apr 19, 2008 10:21 AM EDT:
Jianying Ji, thanks for the great link, a lot there. And I read there about a problem with the 3-1-0 system. It involves draw/win swapping! Yes, that is terrible. I can see that happening when young Bobby Fischer played in tournaments against many Russians. He had complained about them drawing then, but under this 3-1-0 system, collusion would hurt him even more in the rankings (assuming what he said was true). Of course, I've seen people buy wins and get an unearned 1 point. And a player once tried paying me to throw a game so he would win... made me all the more glad that I crushed him like the chess bug he was.

Regarding the 3-1-0 flaw see:

http://chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=4209

I am again thinking that since we are below the GM level, it might be best to keep the 1-0-1/2 system.

There is a Bruce Harper proposal that I like a lot. If there is a draw, a new game is played using the remaining clock times. If that game is drawn, a new game is played using remaining clock times, etc. Finally someone will win, even if by time default. That is great for over-the-board... but many who like to get the most out of their clock time would likely not like this. It would likely tend to speed chess up so that, in the event of a draw, a player would have some descent time for the next possible game. Harper's system doesn't seem meaningful to correspondence games.


Rich Hutnik wrote on Sat, Apr 19, 2008 10:30 AM EDT:
I like Harper's approach.  However, it might end up being that you might
as well award the win to a player who has the most time on their clock.

George Duke wrote on Sat, Apr 19, 2008 11:23 AM EDT:
Draws have to be lesser issue even in regular played-out Mad Queen. It is
GMs' problem not ours. I still personally place Computer problem at the
top. Actually, toward opposite goal of increasing Draw possibilities, Draws could have the same number of variants -- millions -- as CVs themselves. Draw by agreement, 3-fold repetition, 50-Move no pawn
move or capture, insufficient material. Draw by Stalemate, Bare King. Draw by reaching set number of moves: 100, 80, 125, 75. Draw by (and here the
new variants come in, to dodge or postpone other issues, keeping our
comfort zones of wild imagination sans action): (1) time control
parameters, e.g. 4 hours becomes a Draw (2) repetition of opening
repertoire, say 20 moves and over having been played by others before (3)
lack of beauty, i.e. uninteresting lines determined by judge-panel at move 20 (4) Instead of being prohibited, Mures' Braves' point two permits
achieving Draw by placing King a Knight's move away from King. (There follows our regular more-thought-out blog-Comment.)

Rich Hutnik wrote on Sat, Apr 19, 2008 11:52 AM EDT:
I like Harper's approach.  However, it is not likely for awhile to have
anything with Bruce Harper in IAGO, unfortunately.  This being said, can I
run this proposal by people?  It is mean to be a variation on the blitz at
the end of the tournament as a tie breaker.

The final game, in event of the scores being even, would consist of a
blitz game.  The amount of time that both players have at start is six
minutes.  By some method (randomly or otherwise), one player is picked to
enter in a bid on how much time they will give up from their six minutes
to pick their color.  They can choose to pass, and allow their opponent to
pick the side with six minutes, or they can choose, in 15 or 30 second
increments, bid to give up time (to get the choice to pick a side.  From
then on, the time the player picking a side chooses, would keep decreasing
by the bids, until someone passes.  At that point, that player would pick
what side they will play, and have that much time to work with.

Then you do the normal blitz game, with this time adjustment.  This
approach does add a bit of brinksmanship to the game, but is also mainly
used as a balancing mechanism across just about all variants, particularly
those where one side or another may have an advantage, but players are
unable to tell for sure which side does.  This bidding method could also
be used for picking a game also.  Winner of the bid gets that much time,
and the game of their choice, and side of their choice.  Their opponent
gets the other.  You could also bid turns this way with draw rights going
to the opponent of the person bidding.

Gary Gifford wrote on Sat, Apr 19, 2008 03:18 PM EDT:
I like Bruce Harper's approach much better than the flat six minutes with follow up time reduction for color pick. Thus, if I had White in a 1 hour each game, and drew, and I had only 10 minutes left and my opponent had 22 minutes left, then I would get Black(?) and have 10 minutes and my opponent would get his 22 minutes for the new game. Quite fair... we both have an hour for the entire event... what we don't know is whether we will need a second round or possibly a third.

Both players would certainly want to avoid a draw. Of course, if one player had 40 minutes left and another had 5 minutes left, then the one with 40 could certainly play for a draw as he'd have a nice time advantage in the tie-break game. A flat time might be acceptable for correspondence games. For on-line real-time games however, there is often server lag and 6 minutes seems too quick.


Rich Hutnik wrote on Sun, Apr 20, 2008 02:07 AM EDT:
I do like Bruce's approach also.  However, it is done after EVERY draw,
and not just done if the end result of the entire tournament was a draw. 
What I had suggested is a modification of what they did for the Chess960
tournament last year.  I am suggesting players have a chance to bid time
to see what side they play.  If there is a case of there being one last
game to decide, then this would be the best approach for that,
particularly when dealing with variants where the favored side is
unknown.

There is a secondary pragmatic reason for looking for something else
besides what Bruce Harper wants.  In my attempts to have Seirawan Chess
involved with IAGO, the response was very negative.  The last email with
him, going out at least in peaceful terms, was to wait on everything.  The
end result is that I don't see him wanting the variant community to use
anything he is working on, until he gives the word.  I am assuming his
methods are his.

How about this instead, that borrows a bit from him, but is unique? 
During the match, track how much time was left for each draw.  If there is
a tie score after it is done, add up all the times left and play two games,
one white and one black, with the remaining time that was left. Count these
scores.  If still a tie, then do one last sudden death blitz, as I have
descibed.  In other words, rather than do an overtime after every draw,
just do it at the end, if necessary.

Gary Gifford wrote on Sun, Apr 20, 2008 10:00 AM EDT:
Bruce Harper's approach, having a replay after every draw, is not a problem for real time play. For correspondence play it seems ineffective. But the reason it works for over-the-board (or real-time on-line) is that the initial time factor is a constant.

For example, assume the following situation:

(1) players have 60 minutes each / that is a 2 hour game.

(2) at move 40 the game ends in a draw by stalemate

(3) player A used 35 minutes; player B used 40 minutes

(4) The tie-break game is set up and starts with 25 minutes for A and with 20 minutes for B.

(5) That game ends in a draw after 50 moves by perpetual check

(6) player A has 8 minutes left. Player B has 5 minutes left

(7) The crowd gathers around for the fast tie-break game.

(8) Player B gets in trouble and loses on time.

The 1-0 result is obtained within the 2 hours alloted for the round. While other players played 1 game in their 2 hours, some played 2 and some played 3. But 2 hour rounds remained 2 hours and there were no 1/2 - 1/2 results posted.


Rich Hutnik wrote on Sun, Apr 20, 2008 12:55 PM EDT:
Anyone have a link to Harper's suggestion where he goes into it?

An alternate approach I was laying out involved using a scoring system for
game conditions, like SETS.  This system could be used as a secondary
system for tie-breaking purposes, if need be.

My take is that just about ANY changes, no matter how minor and deviating
from the way it is now, is going to be argued against.  It stands a chance
of being buried with the reason, 'Well, I don't think this issue is THE
problem.'  The end result is that if it could be part of the answer, it
gets buried.  If something faces multiple issues, it is possible that
nothing changes or is fixed, because one issue alone doesn't resolve
anything.

Reinhard Scharnagl wrote on Sun, Apr 20, 2008 01:36 PM EDT:
Excuse me, when writing an old suggestion how to reduce tactical draws
(where material does not force a draw): 

Instead of only accepting or refuting a draw the opponent player should
have the right to simply change the sides (because the suggestor obviously
is convinced that would be no disadvantage). A draw should be possible
only after at least one such a change of sides and a minimum of five moves
following it.

Gary Gifford wrote on Sun, Apr 20, 2008 02:10 PM EDT:
Bruce Harper has draw rules that make use of a 1/3 point:

http://www.chess.bc.ca/team.html

A quote from that site:' ... tested an anti-draw rule, in which each player had two hours at the start of the first game. If the first game was drawn, each player received 1/3 of a point, then a second game was played with colours reversed, using the remaining time. This continued until one player won, with the winner getting the other 1/3 of a point. '

So, I guess the way I recalled it deviated from reality. I gave someone a full-point, but the method was awarding 1/3 points? I think I prefer my all or nothing way as an anti-draw system.


Rich Hutnik wrote on Sun, Apr 20, 2008 09:02 PM EDT:
Hey Gary, since this is your own creation, maybe we can go with it, with
some minor modifications :-).  Also, I don't think Bruce created it.  It
looks like the club did.  It looks like he commented on it though.

So, maybe IAGO can use your method, if it would work well, for live
tournaments :-).

I do agree with Bruce's comments that there is often not enough time to
be meaningful.  Perhaps you add 5 minutes back on the clock to what is
left, then 4, then 3, and so on.  Maybe even players can bid, as I
suggested on time to pick sides.  The idea of bidding for time adds more
gamesmanship outside of the actual game, which is used to captivate people
who don't play normally.

Gary Gifford wrote on Sun, Apr 20, 2008 11:14 PM EDT:
I don't think we need to add time. The idea is to discourage draws to the point that there will be no 1/2 point. Players will need to budget their time when this method is employed. It would be like losing on time... it happens.

If I am playing in this system and I see we are heading for a draw, then I better a) offer the draw to start the new game or b) move fast to have enough time for the tie-breaker.


Rich Hutnik wrote on Mon, Apr 21, 2008 12:52 AM EDT:
If a game has say 1 minute vs 1 1/2 minutes left, then I think it is a bit
absurd to have this be the tiebreaker.  How about the same amount of time
is added to both sides, so the player who has the least amount of time
would have a minimum of 5 minutes, while their opponent gets 5 more
minutes added to their clock?

Of course, you could lump all the time from all the ties into a final
match, if it is needed, and give a reasonable amount of time for that.

Gary Gifford wrote on Mon, Apr 21, 2008 06:01 AM EDT:
Something like a 5 minute add could be added - but I think it defeats the purpose. Using this timing concept the idea is to conserve some time for the possible tie breaker. If I paly a game and save no time for the endgame, thinking I will win in the late middle game, then guess what? I lose on time. I don't get to say, Tournament director, please give me 5 more minutes so I can win this.

A possible solution keeping the way I propose is to use a 3 or 5 second time delay in the tie-breaker should either player have less than 5 minutes on their clock.... something like that. Some experimenting can be done. There can even be a few different options.

As far as a last round thing, most players I know like to know where they stand throughout an event. So settling the score during each round is far more desirable than wrapping up the mystery after all rounds are done.

Given a choice between the 2 types of events... draw or drawless, I still might be inclined to choose the draw one. I think below GM level draws are typically not an issue and players do not seem to mind hard fought out draws. But I certainly would not object to the other (drawless) system.


Rich Hutnik wrote on Mon, Apr 21, 2008 10:19 AM EDT:
Gary, your approach would be to use a Bronstein clock set to a very short
time delay as a way to do overtime?

Gary Gifford wrote on Mon, Apr 21, 2008 12:09 PM EDT:
In response to Rich's Bronstein clock question. I am not familiar with the Bronstein clock specifically, However most of today's digital clocks have a built-in time delay feature that can easily be set. The player's time does not begin to chip away until after the elapsed time, which resets after each click of the clock button. Thus, with a 5 second delay, if I have only 2 seconds on the clock, if I can keep moving within the 5 second delay I will not run out of time.

Rich Hutnik wrote on Mon, Apr 21, 2008 04:24 PM EDT:
Bronstein is the original person to propose a time delay between moves,
which is the basis of the 'Bronstein clock'.  Fischer decided to take
the clock and add time, and then to the countdown.

David Paulowich wrote on Tue, Apr 22, 2008 06:49 PM EDT:
Gary Gifford  wrote [2008-04-19] 
'Hi Rich... Thanks for the update, I stand corrected.'

No, you do not. In their first match in London in 1834, De Labourdonnais defeated McDonnell, scoring 16 wins, 5 losses and 4 draws. The players alternated colors after each decisive game. De Labourdonnais played with the White pieces in the first four games, because games 1,2,3 were draws.

But in Kieseritzky-Horwitz, London 1846 they alternated colors in the 'modern' way, unaffected by the drawn game (number 11). Final score was 7.5-4.5 The fact that a variety of systems have been used in international tournaments from 1851 to 1866, would not change my opinion on the question before us, even if I knew what that question was.


Rich Hutnik wrote on Tue, Apr 22, 2008 08:38 PM EDT:
The site I happened to find out about the 1/2 point for draws was wrong.  I
believe it is correct to say that this approach for draws is less than 200
years old, and only came about when Chess was attempted to be turned into
a sport, faced with time constraints at the event and over the calendar.

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